20. What is WebAssembly and what are its advantages?

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a binary code format that allows code written in various programming languages to be executed in web browsers with near-native performance. WebAssembly is designed to work alongside JavaScript and can be used to create high-performance web applications.

Advantages of WebAssembly:

1. Performance: Offers near-native performance by compiling code into a low-level binary format.
2. Interoperability: Can work alongside existing JavaScript code, enabling gradual migration of applications.
3. Multi-language support: Developers can write code in languages like C, C++, Rust, and compile it to WebAssembly.
4. Security: WebAssembly runs in the browser's sandbox, ensuring safe execution.